…treatment effect and of disease progression. Assessment of pulmonary involvement in systemic disease, for example rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma, and during treatment with pulmonary toxic…

…AV nodal refractoriness. Its electrophysiologic effects on the His Purkinje system and ventricular muscle are minimal, except in cases of toxic concentrations. In most patients…

…Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, DRESS syndrome) have been rarely reported with acetylsalicylic acid. Discontinue acetylsalicylic acid at the first sign of skin rash, mucosal…

…non ischemic HFrEF. Toxic and infiltrative causes are increasingly recognized. The burgeoning field of cardio oncology has highlighted the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines, HER2 inhibitors…

…40 g daily in females as capable of causing cardiomyopathy. Several mechanisms contribute: Direct toxic effects on cardiomyocytes Disruption of intracellular signalling and protein synthesis…

Cardiology Substance : Adenosine Brand names : Adenocor Mechanism of action Adenosine works by slowing down the impulse transmission through the atrioventricular (AV) node, thereby interfering with…

…dose , titrated against clinical effect. 2. Parenteral thiamine early , preferably before or at the same time as carbohydrate administration. 3. Rapid identification of seizures, delirium…

…of the drug's pharmacological effects are produced during its first passage through the circulation. Due to this rapid clearance, adenosine must be administered as…

…from the combined effects of contrast exposure and other ischaemic or nephrotoxic stresses. The kidney is particularly vulnerable to toxic injury because of its high…

…range of heart rates is encountered, as they may provide more reliable corrections. Hodges’ formula offers an alternative linear correction method. https://ecgwaves.com/topic…

…closely related to myocardial blood flow. This concept is of outmost importance, as it suggests that myocardial contractility and blood flow are closely matched. Indeed…

…which specific antidotes are available. The detrimental effects of these substances can potentially be reversed if interventions are promptly instituted. In scenarios where an antidote…

…not afterwards. Indications Medicinal charcoal is given after the ingestion of a potentially toxic dose of a substance that binds to charcoal, when it can…

…management of all poisonings ABCDE Step Assessment and action : : A Assess the airway, the pharyngeal reflexes, vomiting and secretions. Suction and give oxygen as needed…

…but only if the examiner is trained. Brief attacks triggered by the position of the head relative to gravity: perform Dix Hallpike and, if needed…

…considered the most frequent form of CA worldwide [15]. Clinical Presentation and Course Both AL and ATTR CA typically present as heart failure with preserved…

…vessel lumen by a fibrous cap. The LRNC is a highly toxic, pro thrombotic milieu composed of extracellular cholesterol crystals, apoptotic and necrotic macrophage debris…

…minutes, or repeated generalised tonic clonic seizures without the patient regaining consciousness between them. Five minutes is the practical threshold for treatment, known as t1…

…tonic–clonic seizures, cortical blindness, and, in advanced cases, loss of consciousness. Focal neurological findings are uncommon in hypertensive encephalopathy and should prompt consideration of…

…al it was reported that early repolarization was associated with 3–5 times as great a risk of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation and sudden cardiac arrest…

…propagation of electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles. This delay is characterized by a prolonged PR interval on the ECG, defined as a…

…been devoted to it in recent years. Most cases (70%) of takotsubo cardiomyopathy occur in situations with extreme stress, such as car accidents, gun violence…