…treatment effect and of disease progression. Assessment of pulmonary involvement in systemic disease, for example rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma, and during treatment with pulmonary toxic…

…AV nodal refractoriness. Its electrophysiologic effects on the His Purkinje system and ventricular muscle are minimal, except in cases of toxic concentrations. In most patients…

…urticaria with NSAIDs). Alcohol consumption may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Serious skin reactions (e.g., Stevens Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, DRESS syndrome)…

…non ischemic HFrEF. Toxic and infiltrative causes are increasingly recognized. The burgeoning field of cardio oncology has highlighted the cardiotoxic effects of anthracyclines, HER2 inhibitors…

…Direct toxic effects on cardiomyocytes Disruption of intracellular signalling and protein synthesis Electrical channelopathies Oxidative stress Cellular apoptosis and necrosis Progressive structural remodelling Alcohol associated…

…is not an established drug interaction. The half life of adenosine is 8 seconds. Adverse effects are therefore very brief. Indications Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT…

…dose , titrated against clinical effect. 2. Parenteral thiamine early , preferably before or at the same time as carbohydrate administration. 3. Rapid identification of seizures, delirium…

…AV) nodes. In addition to these direct effects, adenosine antagonizes catecholamine stimulated adenylate cyclase. This inhibition decreases the accumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which…

…from the combined effects of contrast exposure and other ischaemic or nephrotoxic stresses. The kidney is particularly vulnerable to toxic injury because of its high…

…topic/longt qt syndrome interval lqts torsades de pointes/Related article. References Luo, S., Michler, K., Johnston, P., & Macfarlane, P. W. (2004). A comparison of…

…Seitelberger R, Ross J Jr. Mechanism of beneficial ef fect of beta adrenergic blockade on exercise induced myocardial ischemia in conscious dogs. Circ Res. 1987…

…which specific antidotes are available. The detrimental effects of these substances can potentially be reversed if interventions are promptly instituted. In scenarios where an antidote…

…not afterwards. Indications Medicinal charcoal is given after the ingestion of a potentially toxic dose of a substance that binds to charcoal, when it can…

…Fluid where hypovolaemia is likely, but avoid repeated blind boluses in cardiogenic toxic shock D Plasma glucose immediately. Assess the level of consciousness, the pupils…

…Traumatic or toxic syndrome Onset after trauma, a change in medication or an exposure Concussion, temporal bone injury, dissection, aminoglycoside toxicity, antiepileptic drugs, alcohol or…

…toxic to cardiomyocytes, inducing the elaboration of high levels of natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponin [19]. ATTR Amyloidosis: This form arises from the misfolding of…

…vessel lumen by a fibrous cap. The LRNC is a highly toxic, pro thrombotic milieu composed of extracellular cholesterol crystals, apoptotic and necrotic macrophage debris…

…of treatment Convulsive status epilepticus in adults is present with: an ongoing generalised tonic clonic seizure lasting at least 5 minutes, or repeated generalised tonic…

…prompt follow up Main risk of management Overtreatment may impair autoregulation and cause ischemia Acute rapid reduction may cause harm without prognostic benefit Clinical Presentation…

…repolarization pattern and the risk of ventricular fibrillation remain elusive. This is a rather complex topic that is only of relevance to researchers in electrophysiology…

…Treatment of first degree AV block Refer to Management of Atrioventricular (AV) Blocks https://ecgwaves.com/topic/av block 1 2 3 treatment management ecg…

…with the degree of left ventricular impairment. Pathophysiology of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome) This topic is still under investigation. A number of plausible mechanisms…