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Liver parameters

…not function. The tests that reflect the synthetic function of the liver are the prothrombin time (INR) , the albumin and the bilirubin — and they become…

Inotropes and vasopressors: doses, indications, contraindications and effects

…Inotropes increase myocardial contractility. There are several synthetic and endogenous agents with inotropic and vasopressor effects, and they often need to be combined in order…

🟠 Inotropes and Vasopressors

…cardiac contractile force (contractility). Several endogenous and synthetic agents exist and are frequently combined to achieve the desired hemodynamic outcome. Most agents exhibit both vasopressor…

Inotropes and Vasopressors: Doses, indications, contraindications and effects

…cardiac contractile force (contractility). Several endogenous and synthetic agents exist and are frequently combined to achieve the desired hemodynamic outcome. Most agents exhibit both vasopressor…

Noradrenaline, Dobutamine and Levosimendan: Practical Infusion Use

…adequate end organ perfusion. Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine that functions as an agonist of both beta1 and beta2 adrenergic receptors, with variable effects on…

Casting and immobilisation

…protects against the edges of the cast Padding The wadding that protects the skin and the bony prominences Plaster bandages and plaster slabs (calcium sulfate…

🟠 QT Drugs: Drugs causing QT prolongation, torsade de pointes (TdP) and long QT syndrome (LQTS)

…or risk of torsade de pointes in PubMed. GnRH Antagonist Cancer (prostate) Synthetic decapeptide antagonist to gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). <a href="http://www.ncbi…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI): Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

…other cytokines. Within the intima, SMCs undergo a phenotypic switch from a contractile to a synthetic state, producing abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) components, primarily interstitial…

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…Statins inhibit 3 hydroxy 3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, the rate limiting enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Reduced hepatic cholesterol production increases hepatic LDL receptor expression…

Aspirin in Primary Prevention: Current Recommendations

…Aspirin, or acetylsalicylic acid, is an antiplatelet drug that irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase and thereby suppresses thromboxane A2 synthesis. Thromboxane A2 promotes vasoconstriction and platelet aggregation…

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