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LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…other apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins play a causal role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This causal relationship is supported by genetic, observational and interventional evidence…

Blood pressure

…measurement technique is the most common cause of misclassification. Five minutes' seated rest, back and arm supported, legs uncrossed, no conversation Cuff width ≥ 40% of…

Hypertensive crisis: quick reference for acute blood pressure lowering

…an asymptomatic rise in blood pressure must be treated urgently, which is not supported by evidence. The patient may need active treatment and prompt follow…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…antibiotics within 60 minutes of triage or arrival. This is supported by international guidelines on neutropenic fever [2]. The direct evidence for exactly one hour…

Pericardiocentesis

…in suspected purulent pericarditis, tuberculosis or malignancy. Tamponade is a clinical diagnosis supported by echocardiography: Finding Comment : : Hypotension, distended neck veins, muffled heart sounds Beck…

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Outcomes

…red meat. The principal evidence supported patterns are Mediterranean type and DASH style diets. Their effects are multidimensional and cannot be adequately inferred from changes…

The 3-phase model of sudden cardiac arrest

…et al (2002) . The existence of these stages is supported by a wide range of experimental and clinical studies. The electrical phase and circulatory phase…

Foreign body in the ear and nose

…parallel to the floor and the index finger supported against the patient's nose and cheek . Open the speculum upwards–downwards, never sideways without support…

Antianginal Therapy: Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Nitrates, and Ranolazine

…is generally 55–60 beats per minute. Beta blockers also have prognostic value in selected populations. Their benefit is well supported in patients with heart…

Arterial Hypertension: Definition, Diagnosis and Out-of-Office Measurement

…This distinction supports a risk based approach because cardiovascular benefit from blood pressure reduction may also occur in selected people whose pressure is elevated but…

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