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Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Treatment Principles

…hypertension Group 2: PH due to left heart disease Group 3: PH due to chronic lung disease, hypoxia, or sleep disordered breathing Group 4: Chronic…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…to rise by the time it is measured, for example after relatives have given carbohydrate or glucagon. In a person without diabetes, a hypoglycaemic disorder…

Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease: Assessment and Treatment

…associated with respiratory disorders, notably obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome, which further increase cardiovascular burden. Obesity may be a particularly important cause…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…phenotypic expression complicate risk prediction. Familial clustering may also reflect shared environmental or behavioural factors rather than a single gene disorder. This distinction is important…

Chronic Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Four-Pillar Therapy

…kidney dysfunction, sleep disordered breathing, cancer related disease and cardiac amyloidosis among the relevant clinical settings or comorbidities. HFrEF is distinguished from heart failure with…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…hyperaldosteronism or Conn syndrome, comprises disorders in which aldosterone secretion is inappropriately increased, relatively autonomous from angiotensin II and plasma potassium, and resistant to suppression…

🟠 QT Drugs: Drugs causing QT prolongation, torsade de pointes (TdP) and long QT syndrome (LQTS)

…with meprobamate for the treatment of sleep disorders. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Aceprometazine+AND+(%22QT%22+OR+Torsad " PubMed search…

Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and Holter ECG

…lowered at each measurement, and not to talk. Otherwise ordinary activities, including work. No showering or bathing. A diary of going to bed, getting up…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…to delirium. Symptoms are often worse in the evening and at night, but diurnal variation is not a diagnostic requirement. Hallucinations, usually visual, disturbed sleep…

Opioid therapy in severe pain

…and urticaria are usually due to histamine release, not allergy. Concurrent MAO inhibitor, particularly with pethidine. Caution: untreated sleep apnoea, a concurrent benzodiazepine or gabapentinoid…

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