…The absence of symptoms indicates that the bradycardia is compensated by an increase in stroke volume. Symptomatic bradycardia may present with chronic or acute symptoms…

…2), obesity, smoking, obstructive sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Moreover, certain other tachyarrhythmias predispose to developing atrial fibrillation: atrial flutter, AVNRT and…

…ordinary activities, including work. No showering or bathing. A diary of going to bed, getting up, medication intake, symptoms and any unusual activities. Interpretation A…

…Congestive HF CAD Palpitations or suspected atrial fibrillation OSA or daytime symptoms suggestive of sleep disordered breathing Hypoventilation Peripheral oedema or venous disease Reduced mobility…

…with spontaneous or diuretic induced hypokalaemia Hypertension with an adrenal incidentaloma Hypertension associated with sleep apnoea Hypertension with atrial fibrillation in the absence of an…

…with caution in patients at risk for bradycardia (slow heart rate). Central sleep apnea, including Cheyne Stokes respiration, has been reported in patients taking ticagrelor…

…tissues. 15 Recent evidence clarifies that while the benefits in conditions like osteoarthritis and obstructive sleep apnea primarily reflect the extent of weight loss, the…

…not allergy. Concurrent MAO inhibitor, particularly with pethidine. Caution: untreated sleep apnoea, a concurrent benzodiazepine or gabapentinoid, marked hypovolaemia, head injury with impaired consciousness, biliary…

…diet, physical inactivity, and alcohol consumption. Additional considerations include psychosocial stress, obstructive sleep apnoea, social determinants of health, air pollution, family history, ethnicity, and frailty…

…for the intensive care patient and totals 12 points: Mallampati III–IV (5 points), obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (2 points), reduced neck mobility (1 point)…