…the risk of resistant organisms 0 to 60 min Empirical intravenous antibiotics in septic shock or in certain or highly likely sepsis 0 to 60…

…DW, Wickman LL, Swart GL. The hemodynamic and arterial blood gas response to asphyxiation: a canine model of pulseless electrical activity. Resuscitation 1995; 30:16975…

…of myocardial infarction The Fourth Universal Definition separates MI into five principal types. Type Mechanism or setting Type 1 Acute atherothrombotic MI, usually related to…

…to diagnose, monitor and manage neurological injuries, hemodynamic and respiratory instability, multiorgan failure, infections, seizures and temperature management. The ICU is the preferred level of…

…of filtration. Oliguria may be due to hypovolaemia, shock, obstruction or advanced renal injury. Conversely, significant AKI may be non oliguric, particularly after nephrotoxins, sepsis…

…studies of neutropenic patients. In septic shock, or where sepsis is highly likely, antibiotics must be given immediately [3]. This quick reference applies chiefly to…

…shock, sepsis, major trauma, unconsciousness — until the saturation can be measured reliably. Conditions in which oxygen is given irrespective of the saturation (see below). Oxygen…

…sepsis, takotsubo cardiomyopathy, valvular disease, arrhythmias, and heart failure are among the conditions associated with myocardial injury. Relationship to chronic coronary syndromes Chronic coronary syndromes…

…NT proBNP) are circulating markers of myocardial wall stress. They are released principally by ventricular cardiomyocytes in response to increased transmural stress and ventricular stretch…

…is characterised by myocyte necrosis and troponin elevation due to mechanisms other than myocardial ischaemia. Acute myocardial injury may arise from conditions such as sepsis…

…accounts for a minority of cases Hypoactive Lethargy, slow responses, reduced speech, immobility, poor food intake, reduced eye contact Common and particularly easy to miss…

…The needle is inserted directed medially and slightly caudally, parallel to the posterior surface of the patella. The shoulder The patient sits with the arm…

…MAP within an optimal range is crucial in managing conditions like sepsis, trauma, and shock, where perfusion may be compromised. Hemodynamic determinants of MAP Hemodynamically…

…treatment of the underlying cause. Hypocalcemi Hypocalcemia may arise from various causes, including acute pancreatitis, alkalosis due to hyperventilation, rhabdomyolysis (particularly the initial phase), sepsis…

…use of bisphosphonates, excess calcitonin, use of phenytoin, use of phosphate substitution, use of foscarnet. ECG changes due to hypocalcemia Common ECG changes Lengthened QT…

…and the local care programme applies. In practice the cooling device is set to a target of around 37.0–37.5 °C , that is…

…course (no more than 7 days) may be given to selected patients with an eGFR of 30 40 mL/min for lower urinary tract infection…