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Myocardial Mechanics: Structure and Function of Myocardial Fibers

…Similar to vascular endothelium, the endocardium contains an underlying basement membrane and a small layer of loose connective tissue. The endocardium joins the endothelium that…

Inclisiran and Emerging Lipid-Lowering Agents

…patients with ASCVD or at least one ASCVD risk equivalent who were receiving statins, inclisiran produced a further reduction in LDL C of approximately 50…

Foreign body in the ear and nose

…nasal discharge in a small child is a foreign body until proven otherwise. Contraindications Absolute: that you cannot see the object, or cannot reach it…

Bempedoic Acid: Evidence and Clinical Use

…unable or unwilling to take statins. Approximately 70% were in secondary prevention and 30% in primary prevention; 23% were taking a small dose of a…

P-wave, PR interval, PR segment: physiology, criteria & ECG findings

…The first half of the P wave is therefore a reflection of right atrial depolarization and the second half is a reflection of left atrial…

Myocardial Ischemia & infarction: Cellular changes, ECG and symptoms

…1: Myocardial and ECG reaction in various settings with ischemia or increased workload STATUS OF CORONARY ARTERY SETTING EFFECT ECG REACTION Normal coronary artery (no…

PCSK9 Inhibitors: Indications, Efficacy and Access

…same extent by statins. Inclisiran Inclisiran is a liver targeted small interfering RNA. It promotes degradation of the messenger RNA encoding PCSK9, thereby suppressing hepatic…

Opioid therapy in severe pain

…of titration is abandoned — when a fixed dose is given without assessment, when a modified release preparation is started in an opioid naive patient, or…

Sinus bradycardia: definitions, ECG, causes and management

…due to diminished automaticity (pacemaker function) in the sinoatrial node or conduction defects (e.g. second degree AV block) as a result of ischemia/infarction…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…or other vascular beds. Malignant hypertension represents an extreme form in which acute microvascular injury occurs, classically involving fibrinoid necrosis of small arteries in the…

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