…Pathophysiology of pulmonary embolism (PE). Hemodynamic effects Pulmonary embolism leads to increased resistance in the main pulmonary artery, and thereby increased afterload on the right…

…visual diameter reduction. Relevant determinants include: Lesion eccentricity Vessel tortuosity Calcification Plaque rupture or asymmetric filling defects Serial lesions Vessel size The relationship of the…

…overcoming the resistance in the stenosis and maintaining adequate stroke volumes. Thus, ventricular hypertrophy is a compensatory mechanism, the purpose of which is to maint

…300/6.5 equals 46 beats/min. Click to zoom. Figure 2. Sinus bradycardia, two premature ventricular contractions, incomplete right bundle branch block and ST…

…the right needle length. Indications Route Typical drugs Absorption : : : Intramuscular (IM) Vaccines, depot antipsychotics, hydroxocobalamin, adrenaline in anaphylaxis, ceftriaxone, ferric carboxymaltose Rapid, 10–20 min…

…with the right atrium being depolarized before the left atrium. The first half of the P wave is therefore a reflection of right atrial activation…

…left ventricle is usually considerably larger than the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of the electrical potentials generated by the left…

Echocardiography Generating the ultrasound image The ultrasound transducer generates short bursts (pulses) of ultrasound waves. Reflected ultrasound waves are analyzed by the machine during the…

…left ventricle is many times larger than the vector generated by the right ventricle, the QRS complex is actually a reflection of left ventricular depolarization…

Cardiology Introduction Since its initial description in 1992 as a syndrome of right bundle branch block, ST segment elevation, and sudden cardiac death (SCD), Brugada…