…middle layer (mid wall) are oriented circularly around the short axis. Contraction in this muscle layer results in radial shortening , meaning that the diameter of…

…remove the allergen. 2. Give adrenaline 1 mg/ml intramuscularly into the middle third of the anterolateral thigh. Dose 0.01 mg/kg, corresponding to…

…wall, usually through formation of an intramural haematoma that compresses the true lumen. The resulting reduction in coronary blood flow may produce myocardial ischaemia, acute…

…diagnosis of aortic stenosis is 75 years in high income countries. In low and middle income countries, rheumatic heart disease is the leading cause of…

…bulges into the artery lumen and causes stenosis (reduction of the artery lumen). The reduction of the artery lumen causes limitations to the blood flow…

…border of the acromion , in the middle of the muscle belly, within the inverted triangle formed between the acromion and the lower tip of the…

…hours duration): Due to cellular adaptations, rapid correction carries the risk of inducing osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS). It is therefore recommended to raise serum sodium…

…an orthopaedic surgeon before attempting reduction. Posterior shoulder dislocation, which is often associated with fracture and requires an orthopaedic surgeon. Dislocation of a native hip …

…integrated assessment of six components: Symptoms Exercise performance (functional capacity, exercise capacity) Heart rate: maximal heart rate, heart rate response Blood pressure reaction ECG reaction:…

…progressive reduction of coronary blood flow sufficient to produce myocardial ischaemia and, when prolonged or severe, myocardial necrosis. It most commonly reflects atherothrombosis: disruption of…