…diuretic classes Diuretic resistance or end stage renal failure Consider renal replacement therapy Hypoperfusion with persistent organ injury Consider mechanical circulatory support Refractory advanced disease…

…and initiation of renal replacement therapy. The study found no significant differences between the two treatment groups with respect to either the primary or secondary…

…of Cardiac Amyloidosis Demographic and Clinical Context Cardiac amyloidosis should be suspected in patients older than 65 years presenting with heart failure and increased left…

…after pituitary surgery or radiotherapy, or with suspected suppression of the HPA axis after long term glucocorticoid treatment. A basal morning cortisol in the grey…

…the reason for which remains elusive. Gene mutations can be confirmed in roughly 60% of individuals with ARVC. Mutations in the desmosomal gene PKP2 is…

…An arm with an arteriovenous fistula, previous axillary clearance or lymphoedema. A limb with paresis or marked swelling. A vein suspected of thrombosis or previously…

…Heart failure, pulmonary oedema and other conditions with a high risk of fluid overload — a relative contraindication requiring invasive monitoring and slower administration. Significant metabolic…

…about suppression of the HPA axis, where a long half life produces more marked suppression. Stress dosing in known adrenal insufficiency A patient with primary…

…names : Adenocor Mechanism of action Adenosine works by slowing down the impulse transmission through the atrioventricular (AV) node, thereby interfering with the pathway that enables…

…Coimbra R. Open chest versus closed chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation in trauma patients with signs of life upon hospital arrival: a retrospective multicenter study. Crit Care…

…or is there approaching, an indication for dialysis? AKI occurs in about one fifth of adults during a hospital episode in international studies and is…

…on the ventilator. See the article on confusion for the management of delirium in intensive care. Renal replacement therapy Absolute indications: refractory hyperkalaemia, refractory acidosis…

…function in the presence of persistent congestion is particularly associated with elevated central venous pressure, which is transmitted to the renal veins and can reduce…

…g in 1 ml vial. Dilute with 10 ml of normal saline and give by slow injection over 5 10 minutes. Dilute immediately before use…

…In patients with previous myocardial infarction and residual inflammation, defined by hsCRP ≥2 mg/L, it produced a modest reduction in a composite of cardiovascular…

…Valve replacement can be performed with biological or mechanical prostheses. The former is preferred due to the lower risk of thrombosis and evidence demonstrating long…