…frequently in East Asian populations. VA can occur as part of a more generalized vasospastic syndrome with migraine or Raynaud phenomenon. Associations have also been…

…Insufficient collateral circulation to the hand. Vascular disease in the limb: marked peripheral arterial disease, Raynaud's phenomenon, thromboangiitis obliterans. An arm with an AV…

…the free edge of the pinna. Autoimmune disease with Raynaud's phenomenon. Preparation and equipment Liquid nitrogen in a flask (−196 °C) and a cryospray…