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Blood gas interpretation: quick reference for acid-base disorders

…respiratory alkalosis 3 Is the compensation adequate? Calculate the expected pCO₂ or HCO₃. A value outside the expected range means there is a further primary…

Empirical antibiotic therapy: quick reference for common infections

…the separate quick reference for dosing in impaired renal function. Respiratory tract Diagnosis Agent Dose Duration : : : : Pneumonia, non severe (DS CRB65 0–1) phenoxymethylpenicillin 1…

Cardiac arrest due to electrolyte imbalance

…onset, is of paramount importance. The primary concern in correcting hyponatremia is the prevention of osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS), previously known as central pontine myelinolysis…

Right ventricular strain: definition, causes, echocardiography

…if the load becomes prolonged. However, most often the cause of the load is the primary problem. Among the causes are pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…balance. The principal sporadic subtypes are: Aldosterone producing adrenal adenoma Bilateral adrenal hyperplasia Primary or unilateral adrenal hyperplasia Rare aldosterone producing adrenal carcinoma Less commonly…

STEMI: Primary PCI and System-of-Care Time Targets

…previous angina. Patients should be advised to seek emergency medical assistance rather than self presenting to an emergency department or contacting primary care first. If…

Aspirin in Primary Prevention: Current Recommendations

…include: Approximately 11% reduction in cardiovascular events in a meta analysis of primary prevention trials involving individuals with an estimated 10 year cardiovascular risk of…

Risk Factor Modification: The Evidence Base for Primary Prevention

Cardiology Clinical medicine Definition and Scope Primary prevention aims to prevent the clinical manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals without established clinical CVD. It…

🟠 Mitral valve

Mitral valve regurgitation Primary parameters Mild regurgiation Moderate regurgitation Severe regurgitation Vena contracta (cm) < 0,3 0,3 0,69 0,69 EROA (cm²…

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