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Cardiovascular Risk in Women: Sex-Specific Factors

…delivery Placental abruption Pregnancy loss Polycystic ovary syndrome Functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea Fertility therapy and assisted reproductive technology The extent to which these conditions confer risk…

Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection

…to demonstrate an intramural haematoma or double lumen Type 1 is reported in fewer than one third of cases in the pregnancy related source material…

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

…hemodynamic alterations which may culminate in cardiac arrest. Pulmonary embolism is causally related to deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Approximately 70% of individuals with symptomatic pulmonary…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…be given immediately [3]. This quick reference applies chiefly to adults with neutropenia related to cancer treatment. Children, pregnant women, patients after allogeneic stem cell…

Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Pregnancy Disorders as Future Cardiovascular Risk

…and cerebrovascular accidents. HELLP syndrome is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy related hypertension also influences obstetric management. In late preterm preeclampsia between 3

Liver parameters

…and the speed of the course. An AST/ALT ratio 2 with moderately raised values suggests alcohol related liver disease; a ratio < 1 suggests…

Common laboratory tests

… raised by anaemia, age and pregnancy Procalcitonin < 0.25 µg/L Supports a bacterial aetiology; used to guide antibiotic therapy Glucose and lipids Test…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…sufficient Severe elevation Acute HMOD Present Absent clinically Symptoms Often present and related to the affected organ May be absent or nonspecific Treatment setting Usually…

Gynaecological examination and cervical smear

…be stopped at any moment. A trauma informed approach also improves the technical quality — a relaxed patient is easier to examine. Indications Symptoms: bleeding outside…

Laryngeal mask and difficult airway

…completely. Relative contraindications: A high risk of aspiration: a non fasted patient, ileus, third trimester pregnancy, marked reflux. A need for high airway pressures, for…

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