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Paracentesis

…cell count plus albumin on the sample. Indications Diagnostic paracentesis: Newly detected ascites — always. Every admission of a patient with known ascites. Clinical deterioration in…

Blood transfusion and massive haemorrhage

…transfusion in a patient without irregular red cell antibodies Serological crossmatch (MG test) Serological crossmatching between the recipient's plasma and the red cells of…

Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state: quick reference

…crosses cell membranes relatively freely and therefore does not produce the same sustained shift of water [3]. Severity of DKA The classification helps in choosing…

Cardiac amyloidosis

…amyloidosis [8, 15]. AL Amyloidosis: This is a plasma cell dyscrasia in which abnormal plasma cells produce misfolded immunoglobulin light chains [8, 19]. Light chains…

🟠 Hypertensive emergency (crisis) - Drugs, doses & management

…Nicardipine inhibits the influx of extracellular calcium in the myocardial and peripheral vascular smooth muscle cell membranes, thus inhibiting the contraction of smooth muscle cells…

Hypertensive emergency (crisis)

…Nicardipine inhibits the influx of extracellular calcium in the myocardial and peripheral vascular smooth muscle cell membranes, thus inhibiting the contraction of smooth muscle cells…

Primary Aldosteronism: Screening and Management

…hyperaldosteronism or Conn syndrome, comprises disorders in which aldosterone secretion is inappropriately increased, relatively autonomous from angiotensin II and plasma potassium, and resistant to suppression…

Hyperkalaemia: quick reference for emergency treatment

…in marked hyperkalaemia if there is no contraindication. 5. At the same time, start treatment that eliminates potassium from the body. 6. Check the plasma…

Massive haemorrhage and transfusion: quick reference

…called critical administration threshold and identifies rapid bleeding better than the retrospective definition of at least 10 units of red cells in 24 hours [5]…

Acute stroke and thrombolysis: quick reference

…Measure the plasma glucose immediately. 5. Perform the NIHSS and document which symptoms are disabling. 6. Measure the blood pressure, initially in both arms if…

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