…index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR). This review synthesizes the physiological basis, diagnostic performance, and outcome evidence for each index, situates two recent noninferiority trials of…

Procedurer For many patients a gynaecological examination is associated with a sense of exposure, and technically correct performance is only half the task. The examination…

…safe procedure, the risk of complications calls for careful consideration of contraindications. Contraindications may be absolute or relative. Briefly, exercise stress testing must not be…

…give atropine. 8. Monitor for at least 30 minutes after the test has been completed. Alternatives when edrophonium is not available Method Performance Comment : : : Neosti

…Performance involves sedation (e.g., intravenous midazolam, propofol, or etomidate), routine blood pressure and oximetry monitoring, availability of atropine, isoproterenol, or transcutaneous pacing for post…

…special challenges posed by some patient populations. The sensitivity, specificity, risks, and results of the exercise test may be affected by patient characteristics. For example…

…Perceived exertion The patient's perceived exertion is a way of estimating the intensity of the physical activity. It is based on the subjective physical…

…S troke (1 point) HEMORR₂HAGES Score Risk category Incidence of major bleeding (per 100 patient years) 0 Low 1.9 1 Low 2.5 2…

…more likely. HFpEF and HFmrEF together account for approximately half of patients with symptomatic HF. The distinction is clinically useful but not absolute. Ejection fraction…

…Buller H, Lip GY. Performance of the HEMORR2HAGES, ATRIA, and HAS BLED bleeding risk prediction scores in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing anticoagulation: the AMADEUS…

…objective evidence of structural or functional cardiac abnormality or raised natriuretic peptides is not mandatory for HFmrEF when the diagnosis of heart failure is clinically…

…by manifestations of severe right ventricular failure. Typical findings include: Jugular venous distension Kussmaul’s sign Hepatomegaly Hypotension, which may or may not be present…

…requires assessment of dynamic LV function, valve disease, pulmonary pressure, or haemodynamics Stress imaging is not recommended in patients undergoing urgent non cardiac surgery or…

…toxicity. Several underlying conditions increase a patient's sensitivity to digitalis related arrhythmias. The clinician must evaluate for the presence of worsening renal function, advanced…

…diagnostic performance. Its most consistent contemporary role is therefore the assessment of functional capacity, symptoms, haemodynamic responses, arrhythmias and prognosis, with diagnostic interpretation reserved for…

…regardless of etiology, if the initial rhythm is asystole or PEA. Most current protocols for ECMO exclude patients presenting with asystole or PEA. Duration of…

…the patient's condition allows. 7. With titratable intravenous treatment and an unstable course, an arterial line should be considered. The blood pressure must not…

…individuals with a family history of premature coronary artery disease. CAC findings incidentally identified on a chest CT performed for another indication can also contribute…