…Patients with hypotension, marked low output, or persistent severe symptoms require close monitoring and consideration of invasive haemodynamic assessment when precise measurements are needed to…

…approximately half of patients with symptomatic HF. The distinction is clinically useful but not absolute. Ejection fraction is a continuous variable and echocardiographic measurement has…

…the full range of LVEF, and echocardiographic measurement is subject to meaningful variability. HFmrEF may therefore represent several clinically distinct trajectories: A patient whose LVEF…

…suspected myasthenia gravis in a patient with clear, objectively verifiable fatigable symptoms. Assessment of whether residual weakness in a patient with known myasthenia responds to…

…stabilise the patient Immediate assessment 1. Assess airway, breathing, circulation and level of consciousness. 2. Attach ECG, pulse oximetry and repeated blood pressure measurement when…

…of the parameters that must be evaluated and the final result of the test depends on an integrated assessment of six components: Symptoms Exercise performance…

…Assessment of prolapse. Sampling for a suspected sexually transmitted infection — although chlamydia and gonorrhoea can be tested on urine or a self taken vaginal sample…

…the predictive performance of HEMORR₂HAGES with other bleeding risk assessment tools, notably ATRIA and HAS BLED: HAS BLED Score: In a study evaluating bleeding risk…

…because coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and functional imaging have higher diagnostic performance. Its most consistent contemporary role is therefore the assessment of functional capacity…

…myocardial ischaemia and to estimate prognosis in patients with suspected or established coronary artery disease (CAD). It combines echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular (LV) structure…

…energy shocks outperform low escalating energy protocols. Note that while cardioversion restores sinus rhythm in up to 95% of patients, long term maintenance (particularly in…

…70% of maximal pulse instead of 85%). Many patients appreciate the exercise test because it offers them an opportunity to evaluate their performance and symptoms…

…is a poor surrogate for the hemodynamic significance of a coronary lesion, with anatomic and functional assessment discordant in a substantial minority of intermediate lesions…

…Lane DA, Lip GYH. Evaluation of the HAS BLED, ATRIA, and ORBIT bleeding risk scores in atrial fibrillation patients on warfarin. Am J Med . 2016…

…incidentally identified on a chest CT performed for another indication can also contribute to risk assessment. Visual reporting of coronary calcification using four categories—none…

…renal impairment increase the likelihood of digitalis intoxication even at therapeutic doses. Diagnostics Electrocardiography and Electrophysiology Electrocardiographic evaluation of patients receiving digoxin reveals specific electrophysiologic…

…Evaluation of coronary artery disease. Assessment of therapeutic response. Exercise testing can be used to evaluate the effect of medications or interventions such as PCI…

…regardless of etiology, if the initial rhythm is asystole or PEA. Most current protocols for ECMO exclude patients presenting with asystole or PEA. Duration of…