…disease Catheter based electrophysiological and structural cardiac procedures In patients with acute pericarditis, tamponade is uncommon when the cause is viral or idiopathic but is…

…and cardiac arrest Cardiac arrest associated with tamponade has an exceptionally poor prognosis. In the vast majority of these cases, the tamponade develops acutely or…

…in older textbooks. Indications Cardiac tamponade — the only absolute indication, and always urgent. A large pericardial effusion with symptoms despite medical treatment. Diagnostic drainage in…

…pericardial effusion and tamponade. Less common are cysts and tumors of the pericardium, as well as congenital malformations leading to an incomplete or absent pericardium…

…and cardiac arrest. Evaluation and Physical Examination The source material does not provide specific details regarding the physical examination or general evaluation of patients with…

…and extended monitoring exceeding 3 weeks is necessary, an implantable loop recorder is essential to accurately establish the diagnosis. Electrophysiology In patients with presyncope or…

…particularly when the effusion is substantial or when haemodynamic consequences develop. In patients with pericarditis complicated by constriction, symptoms and signs of right sided heart…

…asystole in 30%, and VF/VT in 5%. Chest compressions in traumatic cardiac arrest In the context of cardiac tamponade, increased pressure within the pericardial…

…Iatrogenic lesions commonly follow cardiac surgery, coronary angiography or other invasive procedures, and affected patients may be relatively painless compared with those with spontaneous dissection…

…infarction, cardiac rupture with tamponade, and less common causes such as severe pre existing valvular disease or excessive beta blocker or calcium channel blocker exposure…