…risk of end stage renal disease; Increased mortality; and A higher probability of secondary hypertension. Patients may also have comorbid features associated with a greater…

…dysfunction associated fatty liver disease affects approximately 10% of non obese individuals and up to 65% of patients with metabolic syndrome. A substantial proportion develop…

…diagnostic accuracy and negative predictive value in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Cardiac troponin is a marker of myocardial injury, not a disease…

…Diuretic resistance or end stage renal failure Consider renal replacement therapy Hypoperfusion with persistent organ injury Consider mechanical circulatory support Refractory advanced disease Consider palliative…

…or general evaluation of patients with bradycardia. Diagnostics Electrocardiographic assessment is fundamental to the diagnosis and management of bradyarrhythmias. In the setting of cardiac arrest…

…strongly with total and cardiovascular mortality ( Curtis et al ). Among patients with coronary heart disease, left ventricular function is actually a stronger predictor of death…

…A diagnosis of delirium is therefore the beginning of the investigation, not the end. In a frail older patient an apparently small insult — sleep deprivation…

…and is often best heard at end expiration with the patient upright and leaning forward. The frequency with which a rub is detected varies among…

…Patients with hypotension, marked low output, or persistent severe symptoms require close monitoring and consideration of invasive haemodynamic assessment when precise measurements are needed to…

…patient or by an inexperienced examiner it is unreliable. A single central feature is enough to proceed with urgent investigation , and a normal CT of…