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Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction After PCI and CABG

…than 20% from baseline. Type 4a MI after PCI In a patient with normal baseline cTn, type 4a MI is defined by: cTn greater than…

Left Ventricular Thrombus After Myocardial Infarction

…embolize systemically. Observational data indicate approximately a fourfold greater risk of embolic events in patients with LV thrombus than in matched patients without thrombus. Factors…

Drug-Eluting Coronary Stents: Evolution, Evidence and Stent Choice

…stenosis greater than 50%—occurred in 20–30% of patients, while clinically evident restenosis, manifested by recurrent angina attributable to the treated segment, occurred in…

Introduction to exercise stress testing (treadmill test, exercise ECG)

…provides a fundamental parameter that cannot be obtained by other imaging methods, namely exercise capacity (and VO2 max , see below). In addition to exercise capacity…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…establish a significant increase in late morbidity or mortality attributable to these events. Clinical presentation and symptoms Most patients with stent thrombosis present with ACS…

Interpretation of myocardial perfusion images (Myocardial SPECT / PET)

…RR) in SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging is an unusual phenomenon in which a perfusion defect becomes evident or worsens in rest images compared to stress…

Gynaecological examination and cervical smear

…but refrain or adapt in: The patient does not consent — the examination must then not be carried out. Vaginismus or marked anxiety — plan for extra…

De-escalation and Shortened Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients at High Bleeding Risk

…months in carefully selected patients with high ischemic risk and low bleeding risk. These strategies are intended primarily to reduce bleeding rather than to replace…

Joint aspiration

…through muscle without major vessels or nerves, and the landmark — the posterior corner of the acromion — is easy to palpate even in a large patient…

A new ECG biomarker for sudden cardiac death

…lies instead in patient selection. Because implantation entails appreciable cost and procedural risk, the risk benefit balance depends almost entirely on the capacity to identify…

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