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Warfarin therapy

…a half life of several days and more than a hundred clinically relevant interactions. What determines whether the treatment is safe is not the starting…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…Risk assessment in known coronary or cerebrovascular disease. Follow up after vascular surgery or endovascular intervention. Assessment of healing potential in ulcers and before deciding…

Anticoagulants: quick reference for dosing, renal adjustment and reversal

…matters more than the laboratory value. A normal INR and a normal APTT do not exclude DOAC effect. Duplicate therapy. Check that the patient is…

Inpatient insulin therapy: quick reference

…protocol Avoid tight targets in inpatients. Hypoglycaemia on the ward is more dangerous than moderate hyperglycaemia over a few days. Principles Insulin component Function Who…

Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…Measure the glucose again after 10 to 15 minutes and repeat treatment until the patient has recovered. 7. Follow up with a meal or with…

Vulnerable Plaque and Mechanisms of Acute Coronary Occlusion

…of follow up in a prospective study of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Thus, an individual plaque’s morphology does not reliably establish that it…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…thrombolysis and PCI wire crossing. Exact times are needed for continued management and quality follow up. STEMI: time targets and choice of reperfusion Primary PCI…

Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens: quick reference

…or, more rarely, hypoactivity, hallucinations and marked autonomic hyperactivity Up to 5 to 7 days, sometimes longer Persisting withdrawal, particularly after previous severe episodes, with…

Hyperkalaemia: quick reference for emergency treatment

…start treatment that eliminates potassium from the body. 6. Check the plasma potassium after about 1 hour and follow the plasma glucose closely for at…

ACE Inhibitors: Initiation, Titration and Creatinine Monitoring

…be assessed during follow up visits after discharge. Treatment and Management Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) There is overwhelming evidence that ACE inhibitors…

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