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Cardiac arrest due to hypoxia and asphyxia

…0.4 0.8 2.1 Table 1. Survival in out of hospital cardiac arrest due to external causes ( Kitamura et al). References DeBehnke DJ…

Capnography (end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, ETCO2) during cardiac arrest

…Alveolar Plateau) : ETCO 2 is the recorded CO 2 partial pressure just before the next inspiration. Phase 0 : Indicates the beginning of the next inspiration…

Classification of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) & Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)

…without significant ST segment elevations on ECG. NSTE ACS is caused by partial occlusion of the artery (i.e. coronary blood flow is not completely…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…severe or recurrent Partial nail avulsion, often with chemical matrix ablation A nail spicule that has split off Removal of the spicule A painful subungual…

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…divided clinically into: Complete intolerance: inability to tolerate any dose of any statin. Partial intolerance: inability to tolerate the dose required to achieve the patient…

NSTEMI (Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction) & Unstable Angina: Diagnosis, Criteria, ECG, Management

…are due to partial (incomplete) coronary artery occlusions , which implies that there remains residual blood flow in the artery. Moreover, management of NSTEMI and unstable…

Anticoagulants: quick reference for dosing, renal adjustment and reversal

…partial effect Unfractionated heparin Protamine Antiplatelet agents Platelet transfusion has weak evidence; discuss with the on call coagulation service Always in parallel: mechanical control of…

Urinary catheterisation

…curves and a prostate that can grip; the female urethra is only 3–5 cm and almost straight, but the meatus can be hard to…

Post-Infarction Mechanical Complications: Ventricular Septal, Free-Wall, and Papillary Muscle Rupture

…Predisposing features Risk features vary by lesion but include: Older age. Female sex. Hypertension. Absence of an adequate collateral circulation. A first or anterior infarction…

Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…a result, pupils often dilate widely within 30–120 seconds of cardiac arrest and light reactivity is lost when cerebral blood flow ceases. In other…

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