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Cardiac arrest due to hypoxia and asphyxia

CPR Hypoxia and asphyxiation Hypoxia refers to a reduced partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. Asphyxia is characterized by insufficient ventilation, leading to hypoxia…

Capnography (end-tidal carbon dioxide measurement, ETCO2) during cardiac arrest

…2 ) in the respiratory system. ETCO 2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) at the end of expiration. It provides an integrated…

Classification of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) & Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)

…is caused by partial occlusion of the artery (i.e. coronary blood flow is not completely obstructed). NSTE ACS typically presents with ST segment depressions…

Nail procedures — paronychia, ingrown toenail and subungual haematoma

…recurrent Partial nail avulsion, often with chemical matrix ablation A nail spicule that has split off Removal of the spicule A painful subungual haematoma with…

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…any dose of any statin. Partial intolerance: inability to tolerate the dose required to achieve the patient’s LDL C goal. Complete intolerance is uncommon…

NSTEMI (Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction) & Unstable Angina: Diagnosis, Criteria, ECG, Management

…Angina (UA) The focus of this chapter is the diagnosis and management of patients with Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA)…

Anticoagulants: quick reference for dosing, renal adjustment and reversal

…weight heparin Protamine has only a partial effect Unfractionated heparin Protamine Antiplatelet agents Platelet transfusion has weak evidence; discuss with the on call coagulation service…

Urinary catheterisation

…with a sacral pressure sore or extensive perineal wounds where urinary leakage prevents healing. Voiding problems in neurogenic bladder dysfunction, in the first instance with…

Post-Infarction Mechanical Complications: Ventricular Septal, Free-Wall, and Papillary Muscle Rupture

…those associated with NSTEMI. The timing of VSR, free wall rupture, and papillary muscle rupture is characteristically bimodal. Events may occur within the first 24…

Assessment of the pupillary reflex in cardiac arrest

…predicting an unfavorable neurological outcome, indicating that the test failed to identify 27.8% of individuals with poor neurological recovery. The specificity of absent pupillary…

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