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Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…Cellulitis, a skin wound or other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint prosthesis in the adjacent joint…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…used for type 1 myocardial infarction are fulfilled. The temporal relationship to stent implantation should always be specified. Coronary arterial thrombi are predominantly platelet rich…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…NSTEMI and unstable angina. Management begins in parallel with the diagnostic work up. Obtain an interpretable 12 lead ECG within 10 minutes of first medical…

Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…release of cardiac troponin, but troponin elevation is not specific for myocardial infarction. Other conditions may produce cardiomyocyte injury and elevated troponin, so biomarker interpretation…

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

…herpes zoster pain are other considerations when assessing chest pain [2]. Autoimmune/Malignancy: A history suggesting an autoimmune disorder or known malignancy may suggest specific…

ACE Inhibitor Cough and Angioedema: Practical Management

…cough, akin to chronic neuropathic pain. This syndrome presents with a dry or minimally productive cough and a tickle or sensitivity in the throat, and…

Transcutaneous and transvenous pacing

…with long pauses. Bradycardia in poisoning with a beta blocker, a calcium channel blocker or digitalis, while awaiting the antidote and specific treatment. Bradyasystole during…

Interpretation of neonatal and pediatric electrocardiograms (ECG)

…of the nine parameters listed above. Many of the diagnoses mentioned below are discussed in detail in other chapters, to which links are provided throughout…

Sinoatrial arrest & sinoatrial pause (sinus pause / arrest)

…individuals who endure intense emotional stress, acute pain or other stimuli that increases vagal tone. In all other situations, sinus arrest/pause should be considered…

Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Myocardial Infarction: Cardiac troponins, ECG & Symptoms

…ischemic chest pain, or with dyspnea, nausea, unexplained weakness, or a combination of these symptoms. The diagnosis requires elevated levels of cardiac troponins. In addition…

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