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Leg ulcers — wound debridement and compression therapy

…closer monitoring — the patient cannot feel pressure injury Peripheral neuropathy of other cause As above Severe pain Titrate the pressure up gradually Rheumatoid arthritis with…

The ECG leads: Electrodes, limb leads, chest (precordial) leads and the 12-Lead ECG

…leads, as the diagnosis can often be established by examining fewer leads. On the other hand, for the purpose of diagnosing morphological changes (e.g…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…ischemia. Inverted U waves are even more typical of ischemia (but the sensitivity is low). U wave changes always accompany other ischemic ST T changes…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…and other sedating drugs. Thromboembolic risk, for example immobilisation, cancer and previous venous thromboembolism. A documented decision on the ceiling of care. Signs of a…

🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…and are at high risk of a new event. Treatment can be started without interruption as continuation treatment after the initial one year treatment with…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…scope Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…a therapeutic objective. LDL C as the primary treatment target Current lipid management frameworks place LDL C at the centre of treatment. Lifestyle intervention is…

Myocardial Ischemia & infarction: Cellular changes, ECG and symptoms

…ECG signs and development of infarction Like all other cells in the human body, cardiac myocytes use ATP (adenosine triphosphate) as the primary energy source…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…ischaemia, heart failure, electrical instability or a large area of myocardium at risk. Over 48 hours: urgent PCI is still indicated with continuing ischaemia, shock…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…pillow to place under the shoulders as an alternative to a hanging head. Frenzel goggles or video Frenzel if available — small beats of nystagmus can…

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