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Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…drugs . The diagnosis rests on the history, a positive Dix–Hallpike test and the absence of other neurological findings. The treatment is a repositioning manoeuvre…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…or arteries supplying the limbs. In adults over 40 years of age, atherosclerosis is the predominant cause. Other mechanisms include thrombosis, embolism, vasculitis, fibromuscular dysplasia…

Hyponatraemia: quick reference for work-up and correction

…not to normalise the plasma sodium. Chronic or minimally symptomatic hyponatraemia must be corrected in a controlled fashion, since too rapid a rise can cause…

Urinary alkalinisation

…is disputed and practice differs between units. Poisoning with other weak acids where the poison control centre recommends it, for example certain phenoxy acid herbicides…

Carotid Artery Disease: Screening, Medical Therapy and Revascularisation

…operative assessment, or evaluation of other atherosclerotic disease. Routine population screening is not recommended because the prevalence of severe asymptomatic stenosis is low, screening has…

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

…left ventricular dysfunction, peripheral vascular disease and other manifestations of diffuse atherosclerosis. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are revascularization procedures…

Acute stroke and thrombolysis: quick reference

…non inferior to alteplase with respect to an excellent functional outcome, without an increased risk of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage or death [3]. Acute overview 1…

Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Revascularisation Strategy

…disease The extent of jeopardized myocardium Left ventricular systolic function Diabetes and other comorbidities Anatomical complexity and completeness of possible revascularization A proximal lesion jeopardizes…

Adenosine for tachyarrhythmias (AVNRT, AVRT, NCT)

…contraindication) . Irregular wide complex tachycardia is most often due to atrial fibrillation with wide QRS complexes due to bundle branch blocks or other conduction defects…

Coronary Artery Disease

…coronary heart disease (CAD) and coronary artery disease (CHD) are synonyms. These terms refer to symptomatic coronary atherosclerosis. Traditional classification of coronary artery disease Traditionally…

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