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Transcutaneous and transvenous pacing

…self adhesive multifunction pads. A separate three lead ECG cable connected to the patient — the device senses the rhythm through the cable, not through the…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…or other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint prosthesis in the adjacent joint. Known hypersensitivity to the…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…contraindications to coronary angiography in the general sense; the decision depends on balancing the expected diagnostic or therapeutic benefit against the patient’s specific procedural…

Invasive Coronary Angiography: Indications and Vascular Access

…or vasomotor coronary disorders. The investigation should be undertaken when its diagnostic or therapeutic consequences are likely to outweigh procedural risks. This balance forms part…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…3 mm, long stent length Large thrombotic burdens increase procedural risk because thrombus can fragment, embolize to other coronary branches or vascular beds, propagate through…

Indications, Contraindications, and Preparations for Exercise Stress Testing

…personnel must be well trained in resuscitation. Subject preparations The procedure must be explained carefully to the patient, who must also be informed that his…

Edrophonium test

…a patient with known myasthenia responds to further cholinesterase inhibition. The test has a sensitivity of around 60 % and is not specific: motor neurone disease…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…such as amyloidosis or sarcoidosis Other cardiac procedures Chemotherapeutic agents Catheter ablation Critical illness Defibrillator shocks Strenuous exercise Cardiac contusion The diagnosis should therefore distinguish…

Indications and contraindications for myocardial perfusion imaging

…have specific contraindications: Adenosine, Dipyridamole, Regadenoson : Should be avoided in patients with active bronchospasm, severe hypotension, or high degree AV block. Caffeine and other methylxanthines…

A new ECG biomarker for sudden cardiac death

…instead in patient selection. Because implantation entails appreciable cost and procedural risk, the risk benefit balance depends almost entirely on the capacity to identify, prospectively…

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