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Lumbar puncture

…which needle is chosen, and that the tubes go to the right place. In suspected bacterial meningitis it is the time to antibiotics that saves…

Coronary Anomalies and Myocardial Bridging

…atherosclerotic burden should be considered and treated in the same broad category as a patient with coronary artery disease when clinically appropriate. Other coronary anomalies…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…in the freeze. Contraindications Absolute: Suspected melanoma or any other pigmented lesion of uncertain diagnosis. A lesion in which histology is needed for management. Cryoglobulinaemia…

Peripheral Artery Disease: Diagnosis, Ankle–Brachial Index and Risk Management

…Patients frequently have concomitant coronary, cerebrovascular or other peripheral arterial disease, and management should therefore address the entire arterial circulation. PAD is associated with increased…

Complete Versus Culprit-Only Revascularization in Acute Coronary Syndrome

…recurrent symptoms, myocardial infarction, or other major adverse cardiovascular events. Complete revascularization is therefore considered an important therapeutic objective, particularly in patients with left ventricular…

Invasive Coronary Angiography: Indications and Vascular Access

…do not always correspond. Visual estimation of luminal narrowing may therefore be insufficient when deciding whether an intermediate lesion should be revascularized. Coronary pressure assessment…

Myocardial Infarction with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries: Causes, Work-up and Management

…MINOCA is not a definitive disease diagnosis. It is a descriptive and provisional classification that should trigger further investigation. The underlying mechanism may be coronary…

No-Reflow Phenomenon During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Prevention and Treatment

…be dislodged by: Balloon inflation Atherectomy Stent implantation Manipulation of friable SVG lesions Embolic debris obstructs the distal microcirculation and may be accompanied by microvascular…

Stent Thrombosis: Timing, Causes, Diagnosis, and Prevention

…used for type 1 myocardial infarction are fulfilled. The temporal relationship to stent implantation should always be specified. Coronary arterial thrombi are predominantly platelet rich…

Vasospastic (Prinzmetal) Angina: Provocation Testing and Treatment

…CAD), in non obstructive coronary arteries, or in patients with intermediate lesions that do not produce physiologically significant flow limitation. The mechanisms are incompletely defined…

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