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Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…Neoplasms (particularly breast and lung cancer). Inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and rheumatic fever. Aortic dissection rupturing into the pericardium…

Pericarditis, myocarditis & perimyocarditis: ECG, criteria & treatment

…a wide range of local and systemic conditions may cause pericarditis. The most common causes are as follows: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…pregnant women, patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and patients treated with CAR T cells or other advanced immunotherapies may require separate local protocols. Definition…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…dangerous differential diagnoses [1,2]. STEMI and other ECG patterns suggesting acute coronary occlusion are time dependent conditions. The decision on immediate reperfusion is based…

Cryotherapy of skin lesions

…The method is quick, cheap and requires no local anaesthetic — but it leaves no specimen . That makes the choice of lesion the critical point: never…

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease

…left ventricular function and other comorbidities Surgical risk and contraindications to prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy Patient preferences, local expertise and operator or institutional experience Assessment…

Anticoagulants: quick reference for dosing, renal adjustment and reversal

…doses and include an initial high dose phase. Follow FASS (the Swedish medicines compendium) and the local protocol. See the pulmonary embolism quick reference for…

Central venous catheter

…incompatible infusions. Haemodialysis, plasmapheresis or other extracorporeal therapy (requires a large bore dialysis catheter, not an ordinary triple lumen catheter). Measurement of central venous pressure…

Atherosclerosis: Pathogenesis from Fatty Streak to Plaque Rupture

…Dyslipidaemia, cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and other adverse influences disturb these functions. The resulting endothelial dysfunction promotes inappropriate vasoconstriction, adhesion of circulating cells, inflammatory…

Acute stroke and thrombolysis: quick reference

…The local stroke protocol and immediate contact with the on call stroke consultant or the thrombectomy centre take precedence where there is a discrepancy or…

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