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Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…suspected granulomatous disease with marrow involvement. Work up of unexplained iron, B12 or folate deficiency when blood tests are insufficient. Contraindications Severe coagulopathy or ongoing…

Liver parameters

…Drug induced liver injury is the commonest cause Isolated bilirubin Unconjugated, the others normal Gilbert's syndrome, haemolysis The R value = (ALT / upper limit…

Gastric lavage and activated charcoal

…the following substances charcoal is ineffective and management is instead governed by the antidote, supportive treatment or dialysis: Group Examples : : Metals and salts Iron, lithium…

Early repolarization pattern on ECG (early repolarization syndrome)

…The altered ion channel function leads to regional dispersion in the refractoriness. This means that some myocardial regions will be refractory while others will be…

Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…of ischemia (but the sensitivity is low). U wave changes always accompany other ischemic ST T changes. They may occur in both NSTEMI and STEMI…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…Akutsjukvård Lathundar Key messages Two things set the COPD exacerbation apart from many other causes of acute dyspnoea: oxygen must be titrated cautiously and the…

🟠 Ticagrelor (Brilinta, Brilique)

…administration, warnings, precautions, and other relevant information for the drug Ticagrelor . Table 1 Summary Indications Ticagrelor, in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for…

Familial and Genetic Screening in Premature Cardiovascular Disease

…Familial and genetic screening in cardiovascular medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…C) is the principal therapeutic target in lipid management because LDL and other apolipoprotein B containing lipoproteins play a causal role in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease…

Myocardial Ischemia & infarction: Cellular changes, ECG and symptoms

…and infarction Myocardial ischemia: cellular changes, ECG signs and development of infarction Like all other cells in the human body, cardiac myocytes use ATP (adenosine…

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