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Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…drugs . The diagnosis rests on the history, a positive Dix–Hallpike test and the absence of other neurological findings. The treatment is a repositioning manoeuvre…

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Definitions and Initial Triage

…ranges from symptom free presentation to persistent chest discomfort, cardiac arrest, electrical or haemodynamic instability, and cardiogenic shock. ACS is distinct from myocardial infarction (MI…

Lumbar puncture

…Infection of the skin over the puncture site. Marked haemodynamic instability — stabilise the patient first. CT before the puncture Swedish practice differs here from several…

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Assessment and Prevention

…hypovolaemia, cardiac dysfunction, haemodynamic instability, anaemia and other nephrotoxic exposures may contribute to tubular injury, making attribution to contrast alone difficult. In patients with normal…

Care after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

…or extrapolation from other fields (e.g. sepsis research) or physiological reasoning. Cardiac arrest care is advanced and should preferably only be conducted in specialized…

Management and treatment of AV block (atrioventricular blocks)

…bradycardia and reduced cardiac output. Bradycardia causing hemodynamic instability is a potentially life threatening condition and should be managed urgently. The risk of cardiogenic shock…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…48 hours: primary PCI should be considered even if symptoms have subsided, particularly with continuing ischaemia, heart failure, electrical instability or a large area of…

Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Risk Stratification and Reperfusion

…other adverse comorbidity. The classification of acute PE comprises four clinically useful groups: High risk PE , also termed massive PE, is defined by haemodynamic instability…

NSTEMI: Risk Stratification and Timing of the Invasive Strategy

…of hospital cardiac arrest should not routinely undergo immediate angiography. A selective or delayed approach is recommended in this setting unless other findings justify urgent…

Hypertensive crisis: quick reference for acute blood pressure lowering

…and higher doses of bupropion, among others, can raise the blood pressure. Serotonin syndrome can also cause autonomic instability and hypertension [4]. Step 2: look…

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