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ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Diagnosis and ECG Criteria

…inflammation and other systemic influences. The severity of myocardial injury is determined not only by the epicardial obstruction but also by the vulnerability of the…

Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

Njurmedicin Lathundar Acute management on call Acute kidney injury, AKI, is a syndrome of rapidly deteriorating renal function. Management is governed not by the creatinine…

The Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction: Types 1–5

…laboratory medicine Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology Myocardial infarction (MI) is a clinical diagnosis that integrates myocardial injury, evidence of acute myocardial ischaemia…

Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

…and Pathophysiology Aortic dissection is a major form of acute aortic syndrome (AAS), alongside intramural haematoma, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer, aortic pseudoaneurysm and traumatic aortic injury…

Cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019)

…al, JAMA Cardiology (2020). Guo et al reported that 27.8% (52 of 187 patients) had myocardial injury, defined as elevated troponin T levels (TnT)…

Complications of Coronary Angiography and Vascular Access Management

…from a peripheral artery to the aortic root and coronary ostia. It remains the reference standard for defining the extent of coronary artery disease because…

Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Assessment and Prevention

…many cases, the renal injury probably represents acute tubular necrosis arising from the combined effects of contrast exposure and other ischaemic or nephrotoxic stresses. The…

Care after return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC)

…or initiation of ECMO. The syndrome was first described by Negovsky , who identified four processes that defined the victim's outcome: Neurological injury Myocardial dysfunction…

Dix–Hallpike test and Epley manoeuvre

…Gufoni manoeuvre for treatment. Contraindications Absolute: Unstable cervical spine injury, recent cervical spine surgery, atlantoaxial instability, severe rheumatoid arthritis of the neck. Symptomatic carotid stenosis…

Urinary alkalinisation

…Heart failure, pulmonary oedema and other conditions with a high risk of fluid overload — a relative contraindication requiring invasive monitoring and slower administration. Significant metabolic…

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