…which involves the arch without involvement of the ascending aorta or represents retrograde extension from the descending aorta into the arch that stops before reaching…

…myocardial injury may occur without myocardial ischaemia. Non ischaemic myocardial injury may accompany numerous cardiac and systemic disorders, including: Cardiac causes Systemic causes Heart failure…

…4.5% among patients without evidence of myocardial injury (normal troponin I levels). Hence, troponin I was a strong predictor of survival in patients hospitalized…

…most common of these are hypotension, low cardiac output and sensitivity to drugs that reduce preload. Posterolateral (posterior, inferobasal) STEMI (STE ACS) The heart is…

…in three minutes, without drugs . The diagnosis rests on the history, a positive Dix–Hallpike test and the absence of other neurological findings. The treatment…

…forward. Heart failure, pulmonary oedema and other conditions with a high risk of fluid overload — a relative contraindication requiring invasive monitoring and slower administration. Significant…

…of rhythm disturbances characterized by an inappropriately slow heart rate. Within the context of acute coronary syndromes, particularly ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), ischemic injury…

…Types 2–5 MI have other mechanisms of myocardial ischaemia and necrosis. Unstable angina (UA) represents myocardial ischaemia without demonstrable acute cardiomyocyte injury or necrosis…

…of vascular autoregulation during a rapid or severe rise in BP. This may produce acute injury in the brain, retina, heart, aorta, kidneys, or other…

…and impaired quality of life, contribute to heart failure, and increase the risk of stroke and other thromboembolic events. Subclinical cerebral injury may contribute to…