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Smoking Cessation: Pharmacotherapy and Cardiovascular Benefit

…electronic cigarettes or other inhaled products. Readiness to attempt cessation. Depression, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, HIV infection or other circumstances that may affect cessation or treatment…

Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens: quick reference

…antipsychotics, which mainly affect individual symptoms. Initial management ABCDE and immediate tests Assess the withdrawal and other life threatening conditions at the same time. Sec

Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: Revascularisation Strategy

…The clinical evaluation includes: Symptom burden and functional limitation Evidence of heart failure Haemodynamic stability Diabetes status Renal dysfunction and other important comorbidities Frailty Liver…

Approach to patients with chest pain: differential diagnoses, management & ECG

…discomfort) or other symptoms suggestive of the five conditions listed above. It is important that history taking and physical examination is carried out systematically and…

LDL Cholesterol Targets Across Cardiovascular Risk Categories

…of a first hard ASCVD event—fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke—should be estimated. The risk categories are: 10 year ASCVD risk Category…

Endocarditis: definitions, causes, diagnosis, echocardiography & treatment

…Other microorganisms, generally, cause subacute endocarditis. Endocarditis can affect native (own) valves and valve prostheses. As always, foreign materials pose a high risk of infection…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…Opioids, benzodiazepines and other sedating drugs. Thromboembolic risk, for example immobilisation, cancer and previous venous thromboembolism. A documented decision on the ceiling of care. Signs…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…may be the only signs of infection. Corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive treatments can blunt the febrile response. A neutropenic patient with a suspected infection and…

Soft tissue corticosteroid injection

…or other infection over the injection site. Bacteraemia or suspected septic bursitis or arthritis. A joint prosthesis in the adjacent joint. Known hypersensitivity to the…

Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy

…compression. Infection in the skin overlying the puncture site. Previous pelvic irradiation on the intended side (yields fibrotic, unrepresentative marrow — choose the other side). A…

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