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Other ECG changes in ischemia and infarction

…typical of ischemia (but the sensitivity is low). U wave changes always accompany other ischemic ST T changes. They may occur in both NSTEMI and…

Abscess incision and drainage

…anaesthetic. Place a field block in healthy skin around the abscess instead of injecting into it, and expect the procedure to hurt even so. Offer…

Acute coronary syndrome: quick reference for loading doses and time targets

…pads if the patient is unstable or at marked risk of arrhythmia. 4. Take a full blood count, electrolytes, creatinine, glucose, high sensitivity troponin and…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…set the COPD exacerbation apart from many other causes of acute dyspnoea: oxygen must be titrated cautiously and the blood gas determines the need for…

Acute kidney injury: quick reference for management

…media and recently stopped drugs. 8. Treat sepsis, bleeding, shock, hypoxia and any other underlying cause immediately. 9. Request ultrasound of the kidneys and urinary…

Acute severe asthma in adults: quick reference

…Other Moderate work of breathing Accessory muscle use Cyanosis, exhaustion, hypotension or collapse The classification is based on a combination of clinical findings, oxygenation and…

Acute stroke and thrombolysis: quick reference

…done without losing time. 7. Perform urgent CT of the brain and CT angiography from the aortic arch to the vertex. 8. Contact the thrombectomy…

Acute vertigo: quick reference for HINTS and differential diagnosis

…infarction, intoxication, Wernicke's encephalopathy, other central disease Neurological examination, gait and truncal stability, often MRI Episodic triggered vestibular syndrome Brief attacks, usually lasting seconds…

Alcohol withdrawal and delirium tremens: quick reference

Psykiatri Akutsjukvård Lathundar Rapid summary Alcohol withdrawal occurs after an abrupt reduction or cessation of prolonged and heavy alcohol intake. The condition can develop despite…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…signal disappears, deflate slowly (2 mmHg/s) and note the pressure at which the signal returns. Repeat on the other arm. 2. Ankle pressure. Place…

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