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Chest Pain in the Emergency Department: Diagnostic Pathways

…be considered anginal equivalents. The emergency evaluation of non traumatic chest discomfort is structured around three principal diagnostic categories: Myocardial ischaemia , particularly acute coronary syndrome…

Hypertensive Emergency and Urgency: Differentiation and Treatment

…oedema, sometimes requiring non invasive ventilation or intubation. Aortic disease An acute aortic dissection is a hypertensive emergency requiring the most rapid BP response. The…

Anaphylaxis: quick reference for emergency management

…circulatory compromise severe gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly after exposure to a drug, insect venom or another non food allergen 2. Acute airway, respiratory or circulatory compromise…

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview

Emergency medicine Lathundar Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain: A Clinical Overview The evaluation of acute chest discomfort requires a systematic differential diagnosis, as the syndrome…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

Cardiology Emergency medicine Procedurer Definition and Pathophysiology Cardiac tamponade is a life threatening clinical syndrome in which increased intrapericardial pressure compresses the heart and impairs…

Immediate Management of Type A and Type B Aortic Dissection

Cardiology Emergency medicine Surgery & trauma Definition and Pathophysiology Aortic dissection is a major form of acute aortic syndrome (AAS), alongside intramural haematoma, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer…

High-Sensitivity Troponin: 0/1-Hour Rule-In and Rule-Out Algorithms

…significant dynamic change is consistent with chronic myocardial injury. Non ischaemic conditions, including myocarditis, rapid ventricular rate atrial fibrillation, marked anaemia, hypertensive emergency, heart failure…

Endotracheal intubation

Procedurer What determines the outcome of an emergency intubation is rarely the laryngoscopy itself but what was done before it: how well the patient was…

Acute stroke and thrombolysis: quick reference

Neurologi Akutsjukvård Lathundar About this quick reference This is a practical quick reference for emergency physicians in suspected acute ischaemic stroke. It covers time windows…

NSTEMI: Risk Stratification and Timing of the Invasive Strategy

…For suspected NSTE ACS, the immediate clinical questions are: Is there a very high risk feature requiring emergency angiography? Is there a high risk feature…

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