…clinical evaluation, cardiac investigations, genetic counselling and, where appropriate, molecular testing. The approach is particularly relevant to cardiomyopathies, channelopathies, heritable aortopathies, selected congenital heart diseases…

…source of bleeding cannot be identified Relative A pacemaker or ICD when monopolar electrocautery is used Relative A cochlear implant Relative The contralateral side of…

…adrenaline in anaphylaxis, ceftriaxone, ferric carboxymaltose Rapid, 10–20 min Subcutaneous (SC) Insulin, low molecular weight heparin, GLP 1 analogues, methotrexate, biological agents, adrenaline (second…

…the same broad cholesterol synthesis pathway as statins. The principal molecular target is adenosine triphosphate citrate lyase (ACL), a cytosolic enzyme upstream of 3 hydroxy…

…likelihood of clinically significant EMI is generally low, particularly with bipolar electrocautery performed away from the device and with monopolar electrocautery below the umbilicus. Nevertheless…

…local protocol or the on call coagulation service. Bridging with low molecular weight heparin is rarely needed with DOACs. Reversal in major bleeding Drug Reversal …

…kg/day Enteral nutrition Started within 48 h where possible Thromboprophylaxis Low molecular weight heparin unless contraindicated Head of the bed 30–45° Stress ulcer…

…a blood gas, coagulation tests and other investigations according to the clinical picture 5 Take cultures or molecular tests from the suspected focus, but avoid…

…and the local protocol. Low molecular weight heparin is the first choice in pregnancy and an alternative in cancer associated thrombosis. Warfarin in antiphospholipid syndrome…

…should exceed 70 % Venous thromboembolism 2.0–3.0 Overlap with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for at least 5 days Mechanical aortic valve 2…

…cellular and molecular myocardial function may further impair contraction and relaxation. Structural and vascular consequences Common structural consequences include left ventricular hypertrophy, left atrial enlargement…

…by elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure. It may arise from pulmonary vascular disease, left sided cardiac disease, chronic lung disease or hypoxia, chronic thromboembolic obstruction…

…Clarke RC, Mertes PM, et al. Molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology of perioperative hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis: a narrative review. Br J Anaesth 2019; 123:e3849. Wallmuller…

…Clarke RC, Mertes PM, et al. Molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology of perioperative hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis: a narrative review. Br J Anaesth 2019; 123:e3849. Wallmuller…

…Clarke RC, Mertes PM, et al. Molecular mechanisms and pathophysiology of perioperative hypersensitivity and anaphylaxis: a narrative review. Br J Anaesth 2019;123:e3849. Wallmuller…

…result in hemorrhage within the pericardium. Ventricular rupture : A transmural infarction can cause a rupture in the left ventricular free wall. Mediastinal trauma : Penetrating injuries…

…cTnT have different molecular structures, which may affect their release into the blood as well as their clearance. cTnI has a smaller molecular weight (35…

…specifically classified by the 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA and 2021/2023 ESC guidelines as HF with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≤40% [14…