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Endocarditis: definitions, causes, diagnosis, echocardiography & treatment

…less mobile. Echocardiography is the first place method for detecting vegetation in case of suspicion of endocarditis. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has a sensitivity of about…

Isoprenaline and Dopamine Infusions for Bradycardia

…activity (PEA). Evaluation and Physical Examination The source material does not provide specific details regarding the physical examination maneuvers for patients with bradycardia. Diagnostics Electrocardiography…

STEMI: Primary PCI and System-of-Care Time Targets

…previous angina. Patients should be advised to seek emergency medical assistance rather than self presenting to an emergency department or contacting primary care first. If…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Critical care Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Cardiogenic shock is a state of inadequate tissue and end organ perfusion caused by cardiac insufficiency…

Atrial Fibrillation in the Critically Ill Patient

…critically ill patient, AF may be pre existing, newly detected for the first time, or newly developed during management of an acute illness. The clinical…

Noradrenaline, Dobutamine and Levosimendan: Practical Infusion Use

…the specific context of perioperative care in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), progression of right heart failure may indicate the need for inodilator therapy…

Hypertension: Initial Combination Therapy and Drug Selection

Cardiology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and Therapeutic Rationale Hypertension is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and contributes to microvascular and macrovascular complications. It…

Casting and immobilisation

…Take care in impaired sensation (neuropathy, spinal cord injury) — the patient does not feel the pressure sore. Preparation and equipment Material Comment : : Stockinette Innermost against…

Wound suturing

…first needle goes in. A wound that has not been irrigated clean, has not been inspected to its depth, and has not been assessed for…

Secondary Hypertension: When and How to Investigate

…a greater likelihood of cure. When to investigate General indications Patients with suggestive signs, symptoms, or medical histories should undergo appropriate screening for secondary hypertension…

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