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Endocarditis: definitions, causes, diagnosis, echocardiography & treatment

…less mobile. Echocardiography is the first place method for detecting vegetation in case of suspicion of endocarditis. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) has a sensitivity of about…

Isoprenaline and Dopamine Infusions for Bradycardia

…activity (PEA). Evaluation and Physical Examination The source material does not provide specific details regarding the physical examination maneuvers for patients with bradycardia. Diagnostics Electrocardiography…

STEMI: Primary PCI and System-of-Care Time Targets

…presenting feature. The source material emphasizes that patients and families should be educated to recognize chest discomfort or dyspnoea as potentially indicating myocardial infarction, particularly…

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock

Critical care Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and Pathophysiology Cardiogenic shock is a state of inadequate tissue and end organ perfusion caused by cardiac insufficiency…

Atrial Fibrillation in the Critically Ill Patient

Arrhythmias and arrhythmology Critical care Definition and pathophysiology Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent supraventricular arrhythmia in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and…

Noradrenaline, Dobutamine and Levosimendan: Practical Infusion Use

…the specific context of perioperative care in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), progression of right heart failure may indicate the need for inodilator therapy…

Hypertension: Initial Combination Therapy and Drug Selection

Cardiology Pharmacology & dosing Definition and Therapeutic Rationale Hypertension is a major risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and contributes to microvascular and macrovascular complications. It…

Casting and immobilisation

…Take care in impaired sensation (neuropathy, spinal cord injury) — the patient does not feel the pressure sore. Preparation and equipment Material Comment : : Stockinette Innermost against…

Wound suturing

…to its depth, and has not been assessed for tendon and nerve injury will heal badly however neatly the suture is placed. The commonest cause…

Secondary Hypertension: When and How to Investigate

…a greater likelihood of cure. When to investigate General indications Patients with suggestive signs, symptoms, or medical histories should undergo appropriate screening for secondary hypertension…

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