…heart failure (DHF). In the critically ill patient, AF may be pre existing, newly detected for the first time, or newly developed during management of…

…likelihood of cure. When to investigate General indications Patients with suggestive signs, symptoms, or medical histories should undergo appropriate screening for secondary hypertension. The initial…

…The physical examination should include: Assessment of all major peripheral pulses. Blood pressure measurement in both arms. Cardiac auscultation. Pulmonary auscultation. Evaluation for heart failure…

…infusion of agents to stress the AV node and His Purkinje system, such as isoproterenol and/or procainamide. EPS with isoproterenol is also recommended for…

…of initial STEMI management. The principal acute complications fall into two broad categories: Electrical complications , particularly ventricular arrhythmias. Mechanical or pump failure complications , including heart…

…urgent surgical or transcatheter intervention, with temporary mechanical circulatory support (MCS) considered as a bridge. Clinical Presentation and Symptoms Symptoms of STEMI The usual symptom…

…organ perfusion or frank shock states. In the specific context of perioperative care in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), progression of right heart failure…

…be initiated concurrently. In patients with a confirmed indication for treatment but blood pressure in the range of 120–139/70–89 mmHg, concomitant indications…

…and stabilisation for transfer in a suspected fracture. Clinical suspicion of a scaphoid fracture despite a normal radiograph. Contraindications An open fracture or a wound…

…of the cosmesis, often with antibiotic prophylaxis. Deep puncture wounds , where the base cannot be inspected or irrigated clean. Wounds with retained foreign material or…