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Atrial and ventricular enlargement: hypertrophy and dilatation on ECG

…useful tool for detecting hypertrophy/dilatation but echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging (cardiac MRI) are superior to the ECG in terms of sensitivity and specificity…

Pericardial Effusion & Cardiac tamponade

…particular computed tomography (DT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Anatomy of the pericardium The pericardium consists of a parietal layer and a visceral layer…

Left Ventricular Function

…precise as cardiac MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) for calculating ejection fraction. References Yancy et al: 2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update of the 2013 ACCF…

Cardiac tumors

…clarifying the genesis of the mass. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI of the heart) and computed tomography (DT of the heart) are appropriate…

Congenital heart disease & GUCH (Grown Up Congenital Heart disease)

…g cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cardiac computerized tomography (CT), ergospirometry (exercise stress testing), and cardiac catheterization. Principles of management of congenital heart disease and…

Assessing left ventricular systolic function

…2D measurements in the future. Cardiac MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is considered the gold standard for the calculation of ejection fraction. Recommended chapter: Ejection fraction…

Left Ventricular Segments for Echocardiography and Cardiac Imaging

…and cardiac imaging Cardiovascular imaging modalities have developed rapidly in the past few decades. The repertoire of available methods includes echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR…

ECG signs of myocardial infarction: pathological Q-waves & pathological R-waves

…up to 30% of patients with inferior infarction. The amplitude of Q waves may also diminish over time. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging has suggested that…

Ventricular Tachycardia

…decade, the landscape of VT management has undergone a profound paradigm shift. Driven by advanced electroanatomical mapping, high resolution cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, and…

Echocardiography

…with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. In Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography 30 (4…

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