…foreign body, hanging or strangulation. Drug overdose Intentional or accidental overdose of medications, drugs or other substances (including alcohol) causing cardiac arrest. Table 1. Classification…

…atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease, and other very high risk settings described in the source material. The statin should be prescribed at the highest tolerated dose…

…of function and may rise only after a substantial fall in glomerular filtration. The value is affected by muscle mass, nutrition, drugs and fluid balance…

…guided by the clinical response and by repeated laboratory measurements, not by the values on admission alone. Diagnosis Current diagnostic criteria According to the international…

…For questions other than acute meningitis — an insidious onset, known malignancy, immunosuppression, papilloedema or new focal neurological signs — CT is performed first. Preparation and equipment…

…antibiotics within 60 minutes of triage or arrival. This is supported by international guidelines on neutropenic fever [2]. The direct evidence for exactly one hour…

…Ventilate by mask in opioid induced respiratory depression while naloxone is prepared C Pulse, blood pressure, peripheral perfusion, two intravenous cannulae and continuous ECG monitoring…

…and prepare step 2 at the same time By about 10 to 20 minutes at the latest Give a full loading dose of an intravenous…

…occur in massive upper bleeding with rapid intestinal transit. Coffee ground vomiting is less specific than fresh haematemesis and can also be seen when the…

…used. Studies have shown that it performs similarly or superiorly to other bleeding risk assessment tools, such as HEMORR2HAGES, ATRIA, ORBIT, and GARFIELD AF scores…

…anticipated treatment benefit, and patient preferences. The source material describes hypertension using differing thresholds across international guidance. One framework defines confirmed hypertension as blood pressure…

…ethnicity, and frailty. Primary prevention is complemented by population level interventions. Population strategies aim to shift risk across the whole community through healthier environmental defaults…

…bleeding tendency or previous bleeding, labile international normalized ratio (INR), older age, drugs predisposing to bleeding and alcohol use. A high bleeding risk score should…

…to dysfunction in the conduction system. The atrioventricular (AV) node is densely innervated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers. Sympathetic stimulation enhances impulse conduction…

…is based on a combination of clinical findings, oxygenation and objective measurement of airflow. International thresholds vary somewhat, but a PEF of 50 percent or…

…other central disease Neurological examination, gait and truncal stability, often MRI Episodic triggered vestibular syndrome Brief attacks, usually lasting seconds, reproducibly triggered by a particular…

…and no grading replaces immediate clinical assessment. The updated international grading comprises five levels, with mild skin and mucosal reactions in the lower grades and…

…access. Grading There is no entirely uniform international grading. The following division is clinically useful and is consistent with commonly used guidelines [1,3]. Level…

…air and speeds resorption. Other conditions in which high flow oxygen is given irrespective of the saturation according to international guidelines are decompression sickness and…

…developed using a single center longitudinal cohort and subsequently validated with an independent cohort of 1,689 patients from the International LQTS Registry in Rochester…

…developed using a single center longitudinal cohort and subsequently validated with an independent cohort of 1,689 patients from the International LQTS Registry in Rochester…

…specified by the guideline. PCSK9 inhibitors are also relevant in statin intolerant patients who remain above goal despite alternative lipid lowering therapy. Evolocumab and alirocumab…

…arrhythmia is precipitated by an extensive list of "torsadegenic" or "QT liability" drugs. This includes Class III antiarrhythmic agents such as quinidine, sotalol, and dofetilide…

…ECG tracing lasting ≥30 seconds, characterized by irregularly irregular R R intervals and the absence of distinct P waves [1] [2] . Stroke Risk Scores: CHA2DS2…

…ST segment elevations that are not caused by ischemia and a significant proportion have ST T changes caused by other pathological conditions (such as bundle…

…and 17 meters (m). The wavelength is indicated in the unit m (meters) and is denoted by the letter λ (lambda) . Note that The International…