…eliminate it. Angiographic restenosis—defined in the source material as follow up diameter stenosis greater than 50%—occurred in 20–30% of patients, while clinically…

Cardiology Continous medical discussion: the ECG blog Infectious diseases Cardiovascular effects of COVID 19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) has caused a global public health…

…a neutropenic patient is an emergency. Infection can progress rapidly, while the typical local signs of inflammation may be faint or absent. Take cultures immediately…

…presence of inflammation Transferrin saturation 15–50 % < 15 % indicates iron deficiency whatever the ferritin Vitamin B12 150–650 pmol/L Grey zone 150–250…

…ancestry Previous muscle disease or a personal or family history of muscle disorders Acute infection Renal or hepatic impairment Hypothyroidism Vitamin D deficiency Concomitant interacting…

…from the dorsal aspect, one injection medial and one lateral to the base of the phalanx, 2–3 mL on each side, with the needle…

…infarction and residual inflammation, defined by hsCRP ≥2 mg/L, it produced a modest reduction in a composite of cardiovascular death, non fatal myocardial infarction…

…by Bruce Blausen, Blausen Gallery 2014. Causes of acute pericarditis/myocarditis The most frequent cause of pericarditis is infections, in particular viral infections. This explains…

Cardiology Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and conceptual framework Acute coronary occlusion is the abrupt or progressive reduction of coronary blood flow sufficient to produce…

Myocardial ischemia and infarction ECG Definition and Pathophysiology Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) encompass a spectrum of clinical conditions characterized by a recent change in symptoms…

…principal mechanisms are the combination of an abnormal thrombogenic endocardial surface and blood stasis. During the acute infarction phase, endocardial inflammation and impaired regional contraction…

…The stage of the ischaemic process: acute, evolving or chronic The severity of ischaemia and whether infarction has occurred The extent and degree of myocardial…

…Myocardial necrosis (infarction) commences within 20 minutes of circulatory collapse. The electrical phase: Defibrillate It is likely that the majority of cardiac arrests are triggered…

Cardiology Myocardial ischemia and infarction Definition and pathophysiology Atherosclerosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the arterial wall in which lipid accumulation, vascular cell dysfunction…

…Evaluate myocardial viability, particularly when combined with metabolic imaging. Contribute to assessment of cardiac inflammation, infective endocarditis, and cardiac amyloidosis using appropriate radiopharmaceuticals. Functional perfusion…

…income countries for more than half a century, causing approximately 20% of all deaths in these regions. Mortality rates and case fatality in coronary artery…

…et al, Twerenbold et al) Kinetics Troponin T (cTnT) and troponin I (cTnI) increase 2 3 hours after the onset of acute myocardial infarction. The…

…interventions than with low fat control diets. In one trial of patients with previous myocardial infarction, the Mediterranean intervention involved greater consumption of fruits, vegetables…

…and post myocardial infarction (MI) care. Despite their proven morbidity and mortality benefits, their use is limited by specific adverse effects. Most of these adverse…

…several interrelated pathological processes: accelerated atherogenesis; vascular inflammation; progression of calcific aortic stenosis; enhancement of a prothrombotic state. Its atherogenic and inflammatory effects may be…

…mechanisms remain proposed explanations for observed clinical effects. Cardiovascular and renal disease associations Diabetes substantially increases the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction, stroke…

…myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), aortic disease, and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Diabetes also substantially increases the risk of chronic kidney…

…distinct microvascular responses to systemic inflammation [7] . The dominant risk factors for HFpEF include hypertension (present in 80% of cases), obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus…

…pericarditis: the end stage of pericardial inflammation Constrictive pericarditis is the result of chronic inflammation of the pericardium. In principle, all causes of pericarditis can…

…The urgency varies: Object Urgency : : Button battery Immediately — leakage of fluid causes a chemical burn Two or more magnets (including in different nostrils) Immediately — pressure…

…of anticoagulation decisions [1] . In both paradigms, a score of ≥2 (excluding sex) is a Class I indication for OAC. Bleeding Risk Assessment: HAS BLED…

…Non traditional cardiovascular mechanisms include: Uraemia associated inflammation Oxidative stress Vascular dysfunction Promotion of vascular calcification Albuminuria and proteinuria Neurohormonal activation Plasma volume expansion Myocardial…

…are elevated. The syndrome is therefore defined by symptoms and signs of congestion or impaired cardiac performance rather than by ejection fraction alone. Heart failure…

…with variable inflammation and oxidative stress. Metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease affects approximately 10% of non obese individuals and up to 65% of patients…

…systemic inflammation Insulin resistance Abnormal adipokine signalling Endothelial dysfunction Dyslipidaemia A prothrombotic state Albuminuria and declining estimated glomerular filtration rate Development of type 2 diabetes…