…creatinine, acid–base status and signs of myocardial ischaemia must be monitored during treatment [4,6]. Important exceptions Condition Overall strategy Common first choices : : : Acute…

…to be relatively normal. This assumption may be incorrect when atherosclerosis is diffuse, leading to underestimation of the overall disease burden. Angiography also provides limited…

…incorrect interpretation of perfusion differences. Perfusion assessment The assessment of myocardial regions in myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is based on principles similar to those used…

…blood pressure: the minimum arterial pulsatile pressure during diastole. It corresponds to disappearance of Korotkoff sounds; if sounds persist, the fourth Korotkoff sound is used…

…emergency room [ER]). It is recommended that the 12 lead ECG (conventional ECG) be used for interpretation of ischemia. All available ECG criteria for acute…

Echocardiography The echocardiographic examination The use of echocardiography has increased dramatically during the past few decades. Advances in echocardiography have been propelled by breakthroughs in…

…vasoconstriction, arrhythmia, intra aortic balloon pump. Assessment of stroke volume variation as part of fluid management. Contraindications Infection, burn or trauma over the insertion site…

…amplitude (voltage) of the potentials generated by activated myocardium. Functional undersensing occurs when the pacemaker does not sense intrinsic activity during the period when sensing…