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Constrictive pericarditis: definition, causes, diagnosis & echocardiography

…normally, there is more room for the right ventricle, the filling of which increases and the septum bulges into the left ventricle. During exhalation, the…

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): Definition, Types, Diagnostics & Treatment

…However, the term dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) refers to idiopathic or genetic dilation of the left ventricle . Patients with DCM typically develop heart failure early in…

Lumbar puncture

…tau). Measurement of the opening pressure in suspected idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Therapeutic drainage in idiopathic intracranial hypertension and in assessment before shunt surgery. Contraindications Clinical…

🟠 QT Drugs: Drugs causing QT prolongation, torsade de pointes (TdP) and long QT syndrome (LQTS)

…conditions Category Condition Congenital conditions Jervell and Lange Nielsen syndrome Romano Ward syndrome Idiopathic congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) Metabolic disorders Hypokalemia Hypomagnesemia Hypocalcemia Starvation…

Early repolarization pattern on ECG (early repolarization syndrome)

…overturned in 2008 when Haïssaguerre et al reported a strong association between the early repolarization pattern and sudden cardiac arrest due to idiopathic ventricular fibrillation…

Eletrical alternans: the ECG in pericardial effusion & cardiac tamponade

…arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and rheumatic fever. Aortic dissection rupturing into the pericardium. Idiopathic pericardial effusion. Renal failure, hypothyroidism, and hypercholesterolemia. Dressler syndrome. Iatrogenic…

Mitral regurgitation

…but the elevated left atrial pressure will rapidly propagate to the pulmonary circulation and cause pulmonary edema. Also, left ventricular exhaustion results in diminished cardiac…

Pulmonary regurgitation

…Iatrogenic (e.g complication of catheterization) Congenital dysplasia/aplasia of the pulmonary valve Idiopathic pulmonary artery dilation Pulmonary regurgitation results in right ventricular volume overload…

Ventricular Tachycardia

…clinical presentation of VT, with a deep dive into the underlying etiologies ranging from benign idiopathic variants to complex scar related and genetic substrates. Furthermore…

Cardiac Tamponade: Recognition and Pericardiocentesis

…occurs when intrapericardial pressure equals or exceeds right atrial pressure. The haemodynamic consequences are progressive impairment of right and left sided filling, reduced stroke volume…

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