…Ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and torsade de pointes. Hypocalcemia Causes of hypocalcemia Acute pancreatitis, pancreas surgery, alkalosis (hyperventilation), rhabdomyolysis, septicemia (sepsis), osteolytic cancer metastases, abnormal…

…the underlying cause. Hypocalcemi Hypocalcemia may arise from various causes, including acute pancreatitis, alkalosis due to hyperventilation, rhabdomyolysis (particularly the initial phase), sepsis, malignancies with…

…to Exercise Stress Testing for details. Hyperventilation Hyperventilation causes ST segment depressions very similar to those normally seen during physical exercise. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH…

…absolute contraindications in hypoxaemia. Take particular care in: A risk of hypercapnic respiratory failure — COPD, severe obesity with hypoventilation, neuromuscular disease, marked chest wall deformity…

…hypoventilation. Respiratory conditions : Tension pneumothorax Drowning Airway obstruction Hanging Pneumonia High altitude sickness Aspiration Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Bronchospasm (asthma) Other : Coma Central hypoventilation…

…steroids and controlled oxygen. Acute on chronic hypercapnic failure in obesity hypoventilation and neuromuscular disease. Hypercapnic failure in cardiogenic pulmonary oedema that does not improve…

…96 % in most patients, and 88–92 % where there is a risk of carbon dioxide retention (COPD, obesity hypoventilation, neuromuscular disease). Both hypoxia and liberal…

…seizure, repeated doses of benzodiazepine, aspiration, hypoventilation, circulatory failure or an anticipated need for anaesthesia. Consider a 12 lead ECG when the acute situation allows…

…systemic inflammation. It is also associated with respiratory disorders, notably obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome, which further increase cardiovascular burden. Obesity may…