…reduced area of the valvular orifice. Both aortic stenosis and hypertension result in increased ventricular load, which the ventricle counteracts by developing hypertrophy. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy…

…ventricular hypertrophy. It is the most prevalent cardiomyopathy worldwide, affecting 1 in 500 individuals in most societies. HCM is also the most common cause of…

…types of cardiomyopathy: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) — This type of cardiomyopathy is characterized by pronounced hypertrophy of the myocardium. It may also lead to obstruction of…

…enlargement, the ECG cannot differentiate dilatation from hypertrophy, which is why some experts have suggested that the term atrial abnormality be used instead of enlargement…

…Freeze time per cycle Number of cycles Margin : : : : Actinic keratosis, thin 5–10 s 1 1–2 mm Actinic keratosis, hypertrophic 10–15 s 2…

Procedurer The value of the exercise test lies not in ST depression alone but in the overall picture : exercise capacity, symptoms, blood pressure response, heart…

…does not determine the anticoagulation indication. Previous stroke or TIA. The presence of mitral stenosis, a mechanical heart valve or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Heart failure, hypertension…

…left ventricle hypertrophic? Is left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) normal? A normal sized ventricle with hyperdynamic contractility suggests acute aortic regurgitation. The severity of aortic…

…athletes (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most common cause). Genetic mutations in ARVC At least 13 genes have been implicated in ARVC. The majority of these…

…cardiomyopathy (hypertrophic or dilated), arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, Brugada syndrome, early repolarization. Electrolyte disorders, acidosis, hypoxemia and ischemia all aggravate the risk of developing ventricular…