…very high LDL cholesterol; people with a family history of premature cardiovascular disease; those with a family history of high Lp(a); individuals with cardiovascular…

…showing severe hypercholesterolaemia. A personal history of premature CAD, cerebral vascular disease or peripheral vascular disease. A family history of premature myocardial infarction, vascular disease…

…Low body mass index Asian ancestry Previous muscle disease or a personal or family history of muscle disorders Acute infection Renal or hepatic impairment Hypothyroidism…

…slightly elevated risk of ventricular arrhythmias (Almeida et al). Genes and DCM Approximately 40% of all cases of DCM are genetic. Thus, a family history…

…and alcohol consumption. Additional considerations include psychosocial stress, obstructive sleep apnoea, social determinants of health, air pollution, family history, ethnicity, and frailty. Primary prevention is…

…Consequently, current guidelines recommend a 3 generation family history and consideration of genetic testing for all patients with non ischemic HFrEF. Toxic and infiltrative causes…

…is a risk factor for heart failure and arrhythmias. Family History of Sudden Cardiac Death (FHSCD) : A history of SCD in close relatives suggests a…

…in selected lower risk individuals with a family history of premature coronary artery disease. CAC findings incidentally identified on a chest CT performed for another…

…aorta, aortic arch) All individuals 60 mm (descending aorta) All individuals Risk factors : previous dissection, family history of dissection, severe aortic regurgitation or mitral regurgitation…

…Which of the following ECG findings is typically considered a normal variant in asymptomatic athletes with no significant family history? A: Mobitz Type II 2nd…

…medicine is the systematic assessment of relatives and other individuals who may carry an inherited predisposition to cardiovascular disease. It combines a structured family history…

…hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, and sedentary behaviour; family history, particularly in the broader assessment of peripheral arterial and aortic disease; planned surgery, especially carotid endarterectomy (CEA), coronary…

…difference becomes less pronounced in older age. Cigarette smoking is a major modifiable risk factor. Family history also increases risk, particularly among first degree relatives…

…familial forms associated with adrenal adenoma or bilateral adrenal hyperplasia. A family history is therefore important, particularly in patients with early onset hypertension or premature…

…History taking, physical examination, ECG and laboratory tests are the cornerstones of management of patients with chest pain. A 12 lead ECG recording must be…

…syndrome – appeared to be hereditary, since many patients reported a family history of the same symptoms and events. Perhaps the most distinguishing feature was the…

…1 diabetes. Traditional factors such as smoking, family history of premature coronary disease, hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia did not fully explain the excess coronary risk. Rheumatoid…

…a novel familial (autosomal dominant) cardiac syndrome. The underlying genetic abnormality is yet to be discovered. Diagnosis of this syndrome is based on ECG, family…