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Lipoprotein(a): Measurement and Clinical Implications

…very high LDL cholesterol; people with a family history of premature cardiovascular disease; those with a family history of high Lp(a); individuals with cardiovascular…

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Diagnosis, Cascade Screening and Treatment

…showing severe hypercholesterolaemia. A personal history of premature CAD, cerebral vascular disease or peripheral vascular disease. A family history of premature myocardial infarction, vascular disease…

Statin Intolerance and Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms

…Low body mass index Asian ancestry Previous muscle disease or a personal or family history of muscle disorders Acute infection Renal or hepatic impairment Hypothyroidism…

Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM): Definition, Types, Diagnostics & Treatment

…slightly elevated risk of ventricular arrhythmias (Almeida et al). Genes and DCM Approximately 40% of all cases of DCM are genetic. Thus, a family history…

Risk Factor Modification: The Evidence Base for Primary Prevention

…and alcohol consumption. Additional considerations include psychosocial stress, obstructive sleep apnoea, social determinants of health, air pollution, family history, ethnicity, and frailty. Primary prevention is…

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)

…Consequently, current guidelines recommend a 3 generation family history and consideration of genetic testing for all patients with non ischemic HFrEF. Toxic and infiltrative causes…

🟠 HCM Risk-SCD Calculator

…is a risk factor for heart failure and arrhythmias. Family History of Sudden Cardiac Death (FHSCD) : A history of SCD in close relatives suggests a…

Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring: Prognostic Use in Practice

…in selected lower risk individuals with a family history of premature coronary artery disease. CAC findings incidentally identified on a chest CT performed for another…

🟠 Adjusted aortic root dimension

…aorta, aortic arch) All individuals 60 mm (descending aorta) All individuals Risk factors : previous dissection, family history of dissection, severe aortic regurgitation or mitral regurgitation…

Quiz: ECG in athletes

…Which of the following ECG findings is typically considered a normal variant in asymptomatic athletes with no significant family history? A: Mobitz Type II 2nd…

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