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Hypoglycaemia: quick reference for emergency management

…everyone with a reduced level of consciousness, seizures, confusion, a change in behaviour, collapse or an acute neurological deficit. Hypoglycaemia can cause hemiparesis, aphasia and…

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

…in the preceding hour. Remove socks and any compression stockings. Avoid measuring the arm pressure on the side with a dialysis fistula, lymphoedema after axillary…

Acute exacerbation of COPD: quick reference

…level of consciousness and circulation. 2. Give controlled oxygen with a target of 88 to 92 percent until the risk of hypercapnia has been assessed…

Hyperkalaemia: quick reference for emergency treatment

…The following division is clinically useful and is consistent with commonly used guidelines [1,3]. Level Plasma potassium Management : : : Mild 5.5 to 5.9…

Neutropenic fever: quick reference for emergency management

…from a central line if one is present 4 Take a full blood count with a differential, CRP, creatinine, electrolytes, liver function tests, glucose and…

Blood pressure

…readings at home or on 24 hour recording. Masked hypertension: normal in the office but raised outside it — associated with the same risk as manifest…

Opioid therapy in severe pain

…laxative and an antiemetic prescribed at the same time as the opioid — not afterwards. A current creatinine with the eGFR, the weight, the age and…

Electrical cardioversion

…procedure is safe: that synchronisation really is switched on when the shock is delivered, and that the thromboembolic risk has been dealt with before the…

Delirium in older adults: quick reference

…ward and on call physicians: recognise hypoactive delirium, stabilise the patient, work systematically through the possible causes, apply several non pharmacological measures at the same…

Acute severe asthma in adults: quick reference

…of breathing, level of consciousness and PEF improve at the same time. Acute severe asthma is characterised by bronchospasm, mucosal oedema and mucus plugging. Expiratory…

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